The positioning skill of square throwing requires several skilled types of work with continuous and smooth movements. Therefore, our operators need to learn the application of skills in addition to basic movements. The continuity of the excavation action means that the included angle between the big and small arms should be kept about 90-110 degrees as far as possible. The included angle between the bucket bottom plate and the ground: loose soil 60 degrees, hard soil 30 degrees. When excavating, the bucket angle is adjusted, and the thrust of the jib oil cylinder is the main force. When the bucket and boom feel that the recovery of the jib is slow, they start to cooperate. When the bucket is full of 3/4, the bucket is quickly retracted, and the boom is lifted to rotate. Positioning is to accurately perceive the amount of advance.

    When slewing, the main line of sight of the eyes should be the slewing direction, and the remaining light should be above the bucket and the jib. When it is about 1 meter before the dumping site, start to loosen the compound action of the slewing jib and the bucket to position. (Remember not to use reverse rotation to locate)

Leveling skills of excavator

Leveling is a work type that integrates various actions, including excavation, sweeping, positioning, process and a series of complete coordination. As an experienced excavator driver, the most important thing is to learn how to make work plans under any working conditions, especially leveling operations. If a large site needs to be leveled, the first thing to do is to level the large area,

1. Dump and fill high earthwork to low-lying areas,

2. Roughly level the route of the excavator forward and backward;

The specific operation method is:

1、 During excavation, the surface layer shall be taken first, and the lower layer shall not be excavated to the bottom at one time (especially the excavation of deep ditches). For ditches wider than the bucket width, the two sides shall be excavated first, and then the middle.

2、 The linear control mainly depends on the crawler. (When digging straight ditches, the excavator shall be kept in a straight line when retreating, and the movement of the bucket can be adjusted according to the track marks left by retreating, mainly based on the starting point of excavation; the excavation of curved ditches is to follow the curve or cooperate with the rotation when retreating)

3、 The ditch bottom is mainly controlled by the techniques of throwing and leveling. (The excavated soil shall be placed about one meter away from the ditch edge in turn, and shall be placed upside down according to the ditch type)

4、 There are three main excavation methods: riding excavation, side excavation and facing excavation.

Riding excavation type: mainly in the open area, the excavator is parked in the middle of the trench to be excavated and the bucket is dug between two tracks.

Side by side type: it refers to the narrow area of the site, such as Qingshui Canal, where the bucket only digs along one side of the track line.

Front to back type: mainly for the excavation of highway culvert pipe trench, it refers to the excavation of well shaped trench where the excavator is parked 90 degrees to the side of the trench (it should be noted that when the trench is deep, the bucket oil cylinder may touch the side of the trench): attention should be paid to the control of sequence, and the 90 degree corner trimming technique should be used when excavating the trench and the trench interface. (The trimming of 90 ° ditch edge mainly uses the close cooperation of rotation action)

Slope brushing skills of excavator

Slope cutting is also called slope excavation or leveling, which is similar to slope closing.

1、 Parallel brush excavation: it means that the excavator advances and retreats in parallel with the slope body, mainly using the side teeth and side cutters to cooperate with the rotary action. It is necessary to pay attention to the control of the line shape and slope. (Linear: the places without setting out are mainly controlled according to the judgment of the line of sight. During excavation, the excavation of the upper line adopts the alternating in and out method to control the generation of the straight line. Slope control: the excavation of the slope without setting out the slope line mainly adopts the arc drawing method and the oblique line drawing method to control the generation of the slope.) Road repair is more used.

2、 Face to face brushing excavation: refers to the excavation of the upper part of the excavator and the entire bucket at a 90 degree angle to the slope surface. When the face is excavated, move the excavator to repeat the same action. This method is mainly used for shaping the slope surface. (This method can be used for slope recovery.) Operation control skills: The side brushing slope mainly uses the compound operation of the big arm pressing down and the small arm sticking and rotating. The bucket is only used for local leveling of the slope surface. The positive brush is mainly completed by the action of pressing boom and retracting jib, and the bucket is only adjusted according to the slope.

Slope cutting operation of excavator refers to slope excavation or leveling, which is similar to slope recovery and is a technical work in excavator operation. Don't underestimate this gentle grasp and release. The technical content is not low. Many excavator operators do not know how to start when they brush slopes.

Slope cutting is also called slope excavation or leveling, which is similar to slope closing. Personally, I think it is more practical to use the fast, high-frequency and small distance (more than two meters, not more than three meters) jib to swing back and forth, with the jib shaft as the center and the bucket tooth as the outer circle. The arc formed by the line. No matter how reasonable your movements are, this kind of arc will still appear every time, but with more proficiency and experience, you can use the boom to descend at the same time to make the arc approximate to a straight line, so you can repeatedly use fast and high frequency to achieve a seemingly flat slope.

Third, when the soil is relatively soft, the quick swing of the jib will drive the loose soil to slide down, which makes up for the marks made by the bucket teeth and makes the slope we brush look flat.

Fourth, brush from left to right; Because your cab is on the left, it is helpful to use the brushed slope as a reference to form a straight line from far to near. Remember! If you want to brush a straight slope, you should try to look at the distance as far as possible. You can never brush straight when you always look near.

Fifth, if the slope to be brushed is weathered sand or weathered stone, the swing distance of the jib should be shortened. If it is harder, it is simply that the Douzi will be pulled down bit by bit.

Sixthly, the slope angles are different. You should communicate with the surveyor. For example, the 1:1.5 slope is 0.5 meters outward for every meter of descent.

There are two specific methods:

1、 Parallel brush excavation: it means that the excavator advances and retreats in parallel with the slope body, mainly using the side teeth and side cutters to cooperate with the rotary action. It is necessary to pay attention to the control of the line shape and slope. Linear: the places without setting out are mainly controlled according to the judgment of the line of sight. During excavation, the method of alternating in and out is used to control the generation of straight lines; Slope control: For slope excavation without setting out the slope line, the arc drawing method and oblique line drawing method are mainly used to control the generation of the slope. If this method is not well controlled, the slope is easy to be big and ugly, which is used more in the river channel.

2、 Face to face brushing excavation: refers to the excavation of the upper part of the excavator and the entire bucket at a 90 degree angle to the slope surface. When the face is excavated, move the excavator to repeat the same action. This method is mainly used for shaping the slope surface. (This method can be used for slope recovery.) Operation control skills: The side brushing slope mainly uses the compound operation of the big arm pressing down and the small arm sticking and rotating. The bucket is only used for local leveling of the slope surface. The positive brush is mainly completed by the action of pressing boom and retracting jib, and the bucket is only adjusted according to the slope.

If the slope is to be brushed conditionally, two lines shall be laid, one above and one below. If the slope is to be long, one line shall be laid halfway up the hill, and then the lower line shall be dug first to double the length of the machine body, and then the section shall be cut back (pay attention to clearing the topsoil from the top to leave the foundation for the first excavation). In slope repair, you should learn to pick up half of the bucket, that is, the second bucket should pick up half of the bucket (although the efficiency is slow, you can pick up a bucket tooth mark after you become familiar with it, which is suitable for novices). After this distance is repaired, get off the vehicle and make a simple visual inspection. If there is "bloating", take a rest. Satisfied with the repair work. It must be noted that the key vehicles must be adjusted properly. They must be kept parallel to the bottom of the slope. The distance must not change. The vehicle must be leveled. After finishing the repair, the bottom of the slope must be straightened to facilitate the comparison of the distance between the vehicle and the lower slope.